1、問題概述sql
一、數據庫環境：數據庫
Oracle Database 11.2.0.3.0 for Oracle Linux Server release 6.4，RAC，虛擬機bash
2、巡檢時發現某數據庫alert.log日誌報ORA-00600[13011]錯誤，報錯頻繁，雖然未致使數據庫宕機，但已影響業務，報錯以下：session
[oracle@NODE1 trace]$ grep -i ora-00600 alert*.log|grep 13011 | sort -u ORA-00600: : [13011], [321401], [33682485], [24], [33682485], [3], [], [], [], [], [], [] -- Tue Feb 06 00:07:53 開始報錯 ORA-00600: : [13011], [321401], [33682485], [27], [33682485], [3], [], [], [], [], [], []
trace文件中信息：oracle
從這裏能夠看出是對XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD表進行DELEDE操做致使該錯誤發生app
Dump continued from file: /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/racdb/racdb1/trace/racdb1_ora_19795.trc ORA-00600: [13011], [321401], [33682485], [27], [33682485], [3], [], [], [], [], [], [] ========= Dump for incident 49853 (ORA 600 [13011]) ======== *** 2018-02-06 09:37:44.987 dbkedDefDump(): Starting incident default dumps (flags=0x2, level=3, mask=0x0) ----- Current SQL Statement for this session (sql_id=b6nmg0fpy3smf) ----- delete from "XXXXXMIN"."XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD" where "AX_ID" = :1
2、問題分析ide
一、MOS關於ORA 600 [13011]的描述：this
Format: ORA-600 [13013] [a] [b] {c} [d] [e] [f] Arg
[a] Passcount Arg
[b] Data Object number Arg
{c} Tablespace Decimal Relative DBA (RDBA) of block containing the row to be updated Arg
[d] Row Slot number Arg
[e] Decimal RDBA of block being updated (Typically same as {c}) Arg
[f] Code
參考《 New and Improved: ORA-600 [13013] "Unable to get a Stable set of Records" (文檔 ID 1438920.1)》和《ORA-600 [13013] "Unable to get a Stable set of Records" (文檔 ID 28185.1)》文章。該報錯是因爲對某個表執行DML操做，該表對應的某個索引損壞致使的，解決的辦法是找出操做的表和受損的索引，重建索引便可。spa
二、查找報錯對象日誌
根據ORA-00600 [13011], [321401], [33682485], [27], [33682485], [3]報錯代碼，查找報錯對象：
select dbms_utility.data_block_address_file(33682485) rfile,dbms_utility.data_block_address_block(33682485) blocks from dual; RFILE BLOCKS ---------- ---------- 8 128053 select owner, segment_name, segment_type, tablespace_name, a.partition_name from dba_extents a where file_id = 8 and 128053 between block_id and block_id + blocks - 1; OWNER SEGMENT_NAME SEGMENT_TYPE TABLESPACE_NAME PARTITION_NAME ------------ ------------------------ ------------------ ---------------- -------------- XXXXXMIN XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD TABLE XXX
trace文件中信息：
BH (0xf60ee308) file#: 8 rdba: 0x0201f435 (8/128053) class: 1 ba: 0xf6c96000 --其對象XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD與查詢一致 set: 12 pool: 3 bsz: 8192 bsi: 0 sflg: 1 pwc: 0,25 dbwrid: 0 obj: 321401 objn: 321401 tsn: 8 afn: 8 hint: f hash: [0x13ef9fd78,0x13ef9fd78] lru: [0xc900efb0,0xaf13f128] ckptq: [NULL] fileq: [NULL] objq: [0x132d5a950,0x132d5a950] objaq: [0x132d5a940,0x132d5a940] st: XCURRENT md: NULL fpin: 'kddwh01: kdddel' tch: 1 le: 0xcb0e3ee8 flags: remote_transfered LRBA: [0x0.0.0] LSCN: [0x0.0] HSCN: [0xffff.ffffffff] HSUB: [65535] buffer tsn: 8 rdba: 0x0201f435 (8/128053) --與查詢一致，其對象爲XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD scn: 0x0001.084d4f80 seq: 0x01 flg: 0x06 tail: 0x4f800601 frmt: 0x02 chkval: 0x538d type: 0x06=trans data Hex dump of block: st=0, typ_found=1
三、分析異常表
analyze table xxxxxmin.xxx_xx_xx_xxxxx_old validate structure cascade; ERROR at line 1: ORA-01499: table/index cross reference failure - see trace file –-根據文檔 1499.1查找trace文件
OERR: ORA-1499 table/Index Cross Reference Failure - see trace file [ID 1499.1]
Error ORA-1499 is produced by statement "ANALIZE TABLE|CLUSTER VALIDATE STRUCTURE CASCADE" to report an inconsistency between a table or a cluster and its index where an index key value is not found in the index or vice versa. The content of the trace file has: : tsn: rdba: description: "row not found in index" "Table/Index row count mismatch" "row mismatch in index dba" "Table row count/Bitmap index bit count mismatch" "kdavls: kdcchk returns %d when checking cluster dba 0x%08lx objn %d\n" tsn: Tablespace Number where the INDEX is stored. rdba: Relative data block address of the INDEX segment header.
根據文檔 1499.1查找trace文件未找到相應的報錯。看來與文檔描述的狀況不一樣，需進一步分析。
四、根據ROWID分析
經過前面的分析知道ORA-600 [13013]該報錯是因爲表與索引之間的邏輯數據不一致致使。查詢明確關聯的索引：
select owner,index_name,index_type from dba_indexes where table_name='XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD' and owner='XXXXXMIN';
OWNER INDEX_NAME INDEX_TYPE
------------------------------------------- ---------------------------
XXXXXMIN PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX NORMAL
--索引建立語句以下：
DBMS_METADATA.GET_DDL(UPPER('INDEX'),UPPER('PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX'),UPPER('XXXXXMIN'))
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CREATE UNIQUE INDEX "XXXXXMIN"."PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX" ON "XXXXXMIN"."XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD" ("AX_ID", "BX_ID")
根據"XXXXXMIN"."PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX"索引的建立語句，該索引爲B樹索引，它是基於二叉樹的,由分支塊和葉子塊組成，包括每一個索引列的值和行所對應的ROWID。
經過下面的語句查詢出全表掃描時和索引掃描時存在差別的行：
select /*+ INDEX_FFS(t pk_xxx_xx_xx_xxx) */ rowid, 2 dbms_rowid.ROWID_RELATIVE_FNO(rowid) relative_fno, 3 dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid) block 4 from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD t where (t.AX_ID is not null or BX_ID is not null) 5 minus 6 select /*+ FULL(t1)*/ rowid, 7 dbms_rowid.ROWID_RELATIVE_FNO(rowid) relative_fno, 8 dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid) block from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD t1;
查詢結果以下：
ROWID RELATIVE_FNO BLOCK ------------------ ------------ ---------- AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAP 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAQ 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAR 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAY 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAZ 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAa 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAb 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAc 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAd 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAe 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAf 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAg 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAq 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAr 8 128053 AABOd5AAIAAAfQ1AAs 8 128053 15 rows selected.
五、驗證該表全表掃描與索引掃描時存在差別行
根據下面語句找出差別的數據：
select e.*,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.rowid > (select min(x.rowid) from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD x where x.AX_ID=e.AX_ID and x.BX_ID=e.BX_ID); AX_ID BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T ROWID ---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ------------------ **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAM **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAN **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAP **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAL **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAQ **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACA **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACl **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACk **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAB **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAE **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACC **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACm **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAD **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAABFRCACB **** ** ********** *************** ********** ********* AABOd5AAIAAAzAPAAO 15 rows selected.
取其中一條數據來驗證走全表掃描和索引掃描時的差別
--SQL執行計劃經過索引掃描查詢的數據
SQL> alter session set statistics_level=all;
Session altered.
SQL> select e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**;
AX_ID BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T ROWNUM ROWID
---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ---------- ------------------
**** ** ********** * * ********* * AABOd5AAIAAAGcaABR
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'allstats last'));
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID cy48jvzrnuv22, child number 1
-------------------------------------
select e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**
Plan hash value: 1022151449
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 3 |
| 1 | COUNT | | 1 | | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 3 |
| 2 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 3 |
|* 3 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXX | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 2 |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
3 - access("E"."AX_ID"=**** AND "E"."BX_ID"=**)
21 rows selected.
--SQL執行計劃經過全表查詢的數據
SQL> select /*+ full(e) */ e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**;
AX_ID BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T ROWNUM ROWID
---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ---------- ------------------
**** ** ********** * * ********* * AABOd5AAIAABFRCACk
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display_cursor(null,null,'allstats last'));
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID 14vbv6bu472ty, child number 1
-------------------------------------
select /*+ full(e) */ e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**
Plan hash value: 3364144674
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows | A-Time | Buffers |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1 | | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 68 |
| 1 | COUNT | | 1 | | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 68 |
|* 2 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD | 1 | 1 | 1 |00:00:00.01 | 68 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
2 - filter(("E"."AX_ID"=**** AND "E"."BX_ID"=**))
20 rows selected.
經過對比走全表掃描和索引掃描時存在差別
SQL> select e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**; AX_ID BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T ROWNUM ROWID ---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ---------- ------------------ **** ** ********** * * ********* * AABOd5AAIAAAGcaABR SQL> select /*+ full(e) */ e.*,rownum,rowid from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXX_OLD e where e.AX_ID=**** and e.BX_ID=**; AX_ID BX_ID COMMITED_XXXXX UNCOMMITED_XXXXX UNSHARED_XXXXX UPDATED_T ROWNUM ROWID ---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------- -------------- --------- ---------- ------------------ **** ** ********** * * ********* * AABOd5AAIAABFRCACk
小結：在執行delete from "XXXXXMIN"."XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD" where "AX_ID" = :1時，該SQL的執行計劃是走索引掃描，由於表與索引之間的邏輯數據不一致（索引列的值和行所對應的ROWID組成的索引數據與表數據不一致），在變量「:1」的值恰好是異常的值時，致使了ORA 600 [13011]的報錯。
3、解決方案
1、重建XXXXXMIN.PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX索引
因XXXXXMIN.PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX爲"AX_ID", "BX_ID"列的聯合主鍵索引，而且AX_ID列做爲"XXXXXMIN"."XXX_VX" ("ID")的關聯外鍵，BX_ID列做爲 "XXXXXMIN"."XXX_DATAXXXXX" ("ID")的關聯外鍵。因此爲避免對業務形成影響，使用ONLINE在線重建的方式重建XXXXXMIN.PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX索引。
ALTER INDEX XXXXXMIN.PK_XXX_XX_XX_XXX REBUILD ONLINE;
二、驗證重建索引後的數據
select /*+ INDEX_FFS(t pk_xxx_xx_xx_xxx) */ rowid, 2 dbms_rowid.ROWID_RELATIVE_FNO(rowid) relative_fno, 3 dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid) block 4 from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD t where (t.AX_ID is not null or BX_ID is not null) 5 minus 6 select /*+ FULL(t1)*/ rowid, 7 dbms_rowid.ROWID_RELATIVE_FNO(rowid) relative_fno, 8 dbms_rowid.ROWID_BLOCK_NUMBER(rowid) block from XXXXXMIN.XXX_XX_XX_XXXXX_OLD t1; no rows selected