本文流程基於Android 9.0

時序圖

1.啓動SystemUIService

在SystemServer中有一個方法startSystemUi，當系統啓動後，會執行到SystemServer的startSystemUi()方法，正是在這個方法中啓動了SystemUIService。

static final void startSystemUi(Context context, WindowManagerService windowManager) {
    Intent intent = new Intent();
    // 指定了systemui的包名"com.android.systemui"，指定了ServiceUIService的類名"com.android.systemui.SystemUIService"
    intent.setComponent(new ComponentName("com.android.systemui",
                "com.android.systemui.SystemUIService"));
    intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_DEBUG_TRIAGED_MISSING);
    //Slog.d(TAG, "Starting service: " + intent);
    context.startServiceAsUser(intent, UserHandle.SYSTEM);
    windowManager.onSystemUiStarted();
}

2.在SystemUIService中啓動SystemUI中的服務

SystemUIService.java

@Override
public void onCreate() {
    super.onCreate();
    //在oncreate方法中調用SystemUIApplication的startServicesIfNeeded來啓動相關服務
    ((SystemUIApplication) getApplication()).startServicesIfNeeded();

    // code...
}

SystemUIApplication

/** * Makes sure that all the SystemUI services are running. If they are already running, this is a * no-op. This is needed to conditinally start all the services, as we only need to have it in * the main process. * <p>This method must only be called from the main thread.</p> */

public void startServicesIfNeeded() {
    String[] names = getResources().getStringArray(R.array.config_systemUIServiceComponents);
    startServicesIfNeeded(names);
}

注意，這裏的service的names是從config文件中讀取出來的，具體內容如下，其中就包含了SystemBars的路徑：

<!-- SystemUI Services: The classes of the stuff to start. -->
<string-array name="config_systemUIServiceComponents" translatable="false">
    <item>com.android.systemui.Dependency</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.util.NotificationChannels</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.statusbar.CommandQueue$CommandQueueStart</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.keyguard.KeyguardViewMediator</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.recents.Recents</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.volume.VolumeUI</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.stackdivider.Divider</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.SystemBars</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.usb.StorageNotification</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.power.PowerUI</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.media.RingtonePlayer</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.keyboard.KeyboardUI</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.pip.PipUI</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.shortcut.ShortcutKeyDispatcher</item>
    <item>@string/config_systemUIVendorServiceComponent</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.util.leak.GarbageMonitor$Service</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.LatencyTester</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.globalactions.GlobalActionsComponent</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.ScreenDecorations</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.fingerprint.FingerprintDialogImpl</item>
    <item>com.android.systemui.SliceBroadcastRelayHandler</item>
</string-array>

具體的啓動過程

private void startServicesIfNeeded(String[] services) {
    //這裏就是方法名IfNeeded的原因，首先會判斷boolean變量mServicesStarted是否爲ture，爲true，表示服務已經啓動，就不需要執行後面的啓動流程了
    if (mServicesStarted) {
        return;
    }
    //定義一個用於啓動SystemUI服務的數組，並且這些要啓動的服務都是繼承自SystemUI的
    mServices = new SystemUI[services.length];

    if (!mBootCompleted) {
        // check to see if maybe it was already completed long before we began
        // see ActivityManagerService.finishBooting()
        if ("1".equals(SystemProperties.get("sys.boot_completed"))) {
            mBootCompleted = true;
            if (DEBUG) Log.v(TAG, "BOOT_COMPLETED was already sent");
        }
    }

    Log.v(TAG, "Starting SystemUI services for user " +
            Process.myUserHandle().getIdentifier() + ".");
    TimingsTraceLog log = new TimingsTraceLog("SystemUIBootTiming",
            Trace.TRACE_TAG_APP);
    log.traceBegin("StartServices");
    final int N = services.length;
    //通過遍歷，將所有的服務啓動起來
    for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
        String clsName = services[i];
        if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "loading: " + clsName);
        log.traceBegin("StartServices" + clsName);
        long ti = System.currentTimeMillis();
        Class cls;
        try {
            cls = Class.forName(clsName);
            mServices[i] = (SystemUI) cls.newInstance();
        } catch(ClassNotFoundException ex){
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        } catch (InstantiationException ex) {
            throw new RuntimeException(ex);
        }

        mServices[i].mContext = this;
        mServices[i].mComponents = mComponents;
        if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "running: " + mServices[i]);
        //調用各個服務重寫了的start()方法
        mServices[i].start();
        log.traceEnd();

        // Warn if initialization of component takes too long
        ti = System.currentTimeMillis() - ti;
        if (ti > 1000) {
            Log.w(TAG, "Initialization of " + cls.getName() + " took " + ti + " ms");
        }
        if (mBootCompleted) {
            mServices[i].onBootCompleted();
        }
    }
    // code...

    //啓動過一次後，就將mServicesStarted置爲true，避免重複啓動
    mServicesStarted = true;
}

3. 在SystemBars中啓動statusbar

關於SystemBars類的註釋是這樣的，「根據產品配置，使用進程內實現，確保一個status bar服務能夠一直運行」。

/**
 * Ensure a single status bar service implementation is running at all times, using the in-process
 * implementation according to the product config.
 */

那麼status bar是怎樣啓動的呢？在SystemUIApplication中也是通過調用SystemBars的start()方法，在SystemBars中的start()方法中去啓動statusbar。

@Override
public void start() {
    if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "start");
    createStatusBarFromConfig();
}

private void createStatusBarFromConfig() {
    if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "createStatusBarFromConfig");
    final String clsName = mContext.getString(R.string.config_statusBarComponent);
    if (clsName == null || clsName.length() == 0) {
        throw andLog("No status bar component configured", null);
    }
    Class<?> cls = null;
    try {
        cls = mContext.getClassLoader().loadClass(clsName);
    } catch (Throwable t) {
        throw andLog("Error loading status bar component: " + clsName, t);
    }
    try {
        mStatusBar = (SystemUI) cls.newInstance();
    } catch (Throwable t) {
        throw andLog("Error creating status bar component: " + clsName, t);
    }
    mStatusBar.mContext = mContext;
    mStatusBar.mComponents = mComponents;
    mStatusBar.start();
    if (DEBUG) Log.d(TAG, "started " + mStatusBar.getClass().getSimpleName());
}

這裏的clsName和之前服務的names一樣，也是從config中讀取的，具體如下，是StatusBar的類路徑。

<!-- Component to be used as the status bar service. Must implement the IStatusBar interface. This name is in the ComponentName flattened format (package/class) -->
<string name="config_statusBarComponent" translatable="false">com.android.systemui.statusbar.phone.StatusBar</string>

於是乎，通過這樣一種方式，就啓動起來一個一直運行着的StatusBar服務了。