STM32F1的5個串口使用方法

串口是咱們經常使用的一個數據傳輸接口,STM32F103系列單片機共有5個串口,其中1-3是 通用同步/異步串行接口 USART(Universal Synchronous/Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter),4,、5是 通用異步 串行接口 UART( Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter)。
STM32學習筆記——5個串口的使用方法


配置串口包括三部份內容
1.  I/O口配置:TXD配置爲複用推輓輸出( GPIO_Mode_AF_PP ),RXD配置爲浮空輸入( GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING );
2.  串口配置:波特率等;
3.  中斷向量配置:通常用中斷方式接收數據。


注意事項
1.   USART1是掛在APB2,使能時鐘命令爲:     
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE );
其餘幾個則掛在APB1上,如2口:
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART2, ENABLE );

2.  配置4口和5口的時候,中斷名爲 UART四、 UART5,中斷入口分別爲
UART4_IRQn、UART5_IRQn
對應的中斷服務函數爲
void UART4_IRQHandler(void)
void UART5_IRQHandler(void)。

下面是5個串口的 配置函數 收發數據 函數代碼
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "misc.h"
#include "stm32f10x_gpio.h"
#include "stm32f10x_usart.h" 

void USART1_Configuration(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;        

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE );
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE );

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9; //USART1 TX;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //複用推輓輸出;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口A;
    
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10; //USART1 RX;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空輸入;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口A;

USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600; //波特率;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //數據位8位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //中止位1位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //無校驗位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
//無硬件流控;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
//收發模式;
USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口參數;

NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //設置中斷組,4位搶佔優先級,4位響應優先級;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn; //中斷號;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0; //搶佔優先級;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; //響應優先級;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE); //使能串口;
}

void USART1_Send_Byte(u8 Data) //發送一個字節;
{
USART_SendData(USART1,Data);
while( USART_GetFlagStatus(USART1, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET );
}

void USART1_Send_String(u8 *Data) //發送字符串;
{
while(*Data)
USART1_Send_Byte(*Data++);
}

void USART1_IRQHandler(void) //中斷處理函數;
{
u8 res;    
if(USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET) //判斷是否發生中斷;
{
USART_ClearFlag(USART1, USART_IT_RXNE); //清除標誌位;
res=USART_ReceiveData(USART1); //接收數據;
USART1_Send_Byte(res); //用戶自定義;
}  



void USART2_Configuration(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;        

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE );
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART2, ENABLE );

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_2; //USART2 TX;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //複用推輓輸出;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口A;
    
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_3; //USART2 RX;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空輸入;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口A;

USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600; //波特率;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //數據位8位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //中止位1位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //無校驗位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
//無硬件流控;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
//收發模式;
USART_Init(USART2, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口參數;

NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //設置中斷組,4位搶佔優先級,4位響應優先級;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART2_IRQn; //中斷號;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0; //搶佔優先級;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; //響應優先級;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

USART_ITConfig(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
USART_Cmd(USART2, ENABLE); //使能串口;
}

void USART2_Send_Byte(u8 Data) //發送一個字節;
{
USART_SendData(USART2,Data);
while( USART_GetFlagStatus(USART2, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET );
}

void USART2_Send_String(u8 *Data) //發送字符串;
{
while(*Data)
USART2_Send_Byte(*Data++);
}

void USART2_IRQHandler(void) //中斷處理函數;
{
u8 res;    
if(USART_GetITStatus(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET) //判斷是否發生中斷;
{
USART_ClearFlag(USART2, USART_IT_RXNE); //清除標誌位;
res=USART_ReceiveData(USART2); //接收數據;
USART2_Send_Byte(res); //用戶自定義;
}  



void USART3_Configuration(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;        

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE );
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_USART3, ENABLE );

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10; //USART3 TX;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //複用推輓輸出;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口B;
    
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_11; //USART3 RX;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空輸入;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口B;

USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600; //波特率;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //數據位8位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //中止位1位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //無校驗位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
//無硬件流控;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
//收發模式;
USART_Init(USART3, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口參數;

NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //設置中斷組,4位搶佔優先級,4位響應優先級;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART3_IRQn; //中斷號;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0; //搶佔優先級;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; //響應優先級;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

USART_ITConfig(USART3, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
USART_Cmd(USART3, ENABLE); //使能串口;
}

void USART3_Send_Byte(u8 Data) //發送一個字節;
{
USART_SendData(USART3,Data);
while( USART_GetFlagStatus(USART3, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET );
}

void USART3_Send_String(u8 *Data) //發送字符串;
{
while(*Data)
USART3_Send_Byte(*Data++);
}

void USART3_IRQHandler(void) //中斷處理函數;
{
u8 res;    
if(USART_GetITStatus(USART3, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET) //判斷是否發生中斷;
{
USART_ClearFlag(USART3, USART_IT_RXNE); //清除標誌位;
res=USART_ReceiveData(USART3); //接收數據;
USART3_Send_Byte(res); //用戶自定義;
}  



void UART4_Configuration(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;        

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC, ENABLE );
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_UART4, ENABLE );

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_10; //UART4 TX;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //複用推輓輸出;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口C;
    
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_11; //UART4 RX;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空輸入;
GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口C;

USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600; //波特率;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //數據位8位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //中止位1位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //無校驗位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
//無硬件流控;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
//收發模式;
USART_Init(UART4, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口參數;

NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //設置中斷組,4位搶佔優先級,4位響應優先級;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = UART4_IRQn; //中斷號;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0; //搶佔優先級;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; //響應優先級;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

USART_ITConfig(UART4, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
USART_Cmd(UART4, ENABLE); //使能串口;
}

void UART4_Send_Byte(u8 Data) //發送一個字節;
{
USART_SendData(UART4,Data);
while( USART_GetFlagStatus(UART4, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET );
}

void UART4_Send_String(u8 *Data) //發送字符串;
{
while(*Data)
UART4_Send_Byte(*Data++);
}

void UART4_IRQHandler(void) //中斷處理函數;
{
u8 res;    
if(USART_GetITStatus(UART4, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET) //判斷是否發生中斷;
{
USART_ClearFlag(UART4, USART_IT_RXNE); //清除標誌位;
res=USART_ReceiveData(UART4); //接收數據;
UART4_Send_Byte(res); //用戶自定義;
}  

void UART5_Configuration(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;
NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;        

RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC|RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOD, ENABLE );
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_UART5, ENABLE );

GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_12; //UART5 TX;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP; //複用推輓輸出;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口C;
    
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_2; //UART5 RX;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IN_FLOATING; //浮空輸入;
GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStructure); //端口D;

USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 9600; //波特率;
USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b; //數據位8位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1; //中止位1位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No ; //無校驗位;
USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
//無硬件流控;
USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Rx | USART_Mode_Tx;
//收發模式;
USART_Init(UART5, &USART_InitStructure);//配置串口參數;

NVIC_PriorityGroupConfig(NVIC_PriorityGroup_2); //設置中斷組,4位搶佔優先級,4位響應優先級;

NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = UART5_IRQn; //中斷號;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0; //搶佔優先級;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0; //響應優先級;
NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);

USART_ITConfig(UART5, USART_IT_RXNE, ENABLE);
USART_Cmd(UART5, ENABLE); //使能串口;
}

void UART5_Send_Byte(u8 Data) //發送一個字節;
{
USART_SendData(UART5,Data);
while( USART_GetFlagStatus(UART5, USART_FLAG_TC) == RESET );
}

void UART5_Send_String(u8 *Data) //發送字符串;
{
while(*Data)
UART5_Send_Byte(*Data++);
}

void UART5_IRQHandler(void) //中斷處理函數;
{
u8 res;    
if(USART_GetITStatus(UART5, USART_IT_RXNE) == SET) //判斷是否發生中斷;
{
USART_ClearFlag(UART5, USART_IT_RXNE); //清除標誌位;
res=USART_ReceiveData(UART5); //接收數據;
UART5_Send_Byte(res); //用戶自定義;
}  

以上內容轉載自: http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_175ea65260102wy5b.html